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A Physical Map Of My City
1. Geography
2. History
3. Places of cultural and historical interest
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1. Geography
Romania
Location:
-Northernmost point: border with Ukraine;
-Southernmost point: border with Bulgaria;
-Westernmost point: border with Hungary and Serbia;
-Easternmost point: the Danube Delta.
Elevation extremes:
1.highest point: Moldoveanu Peak 2,544 m
2.lowest point: Black Sea 0 m
Area:
1. total: 238,391 km²
2. land: 231,231 km²
3. water: 7,160 km²
Mountains:
The arc of the Carpathians extends over 1,000 kilometres through the centre
of the country, covering an area of 70,000 square kilometres. These mountains are of low to medium altitude and are no wider than 100 kilometres. They are deeply fragmented by longitudinal and transverse valleys and crossed by several major rivers. These features and the fact that there are many summit passes--some at altitudes up to 2,256 metres--have made the Carpathians less of a barrier to movement than have other European ranges. Another distinguishing feature is the many eroded platforms that provide tableland at relatively high altitudes. There are permanent settlements here at above 1,200 meters.
Rivers:
After entering the country in the southwest at Bazias, the Danube travels some 1,075 kilometres (almost 40% of its entire length) through or along Romanian territory, forming the southern frontier with Serbia and Bulgaria. Virtually all of the country's rivers are tributaries of the Danube, either directly or indirectly, and by the time the Danube's course ends in the Black Sea, they account for nearly 40 percent of the total discharge. The most important of these rivers are the Mure? River, the Olt River, the Prut, the Siret River, the Ialomi?a River, the Some? River, and the Arge? River. Romania's rivers primarily flow east, west, and south from the central crown of the Carpathians. They are fed by rainfall and melting snow, which causes considerable fluctuation in discharge and occasionally catastrophic flooding. In the east, river waters are collected by the Siret and the Prut. In the south, the rivers flow directly into the Danube, and in the west, waters are collected by Tisza on Hungarian territory.
Bucharest - Geography
Bucharest, is the most heavily populated and the most important city of Romania, the principal political, administrative, economic, financial, banking, educational, scientific and cultural centre of the country. Located in S-SE Romania, at an altitude of 60-90 m, on the Dambovita and Colentina rivers, at 44°25'50" Latitude North and 26°06'50" Longitude East, at about the same latitude as Belgrade, Geneva, Bordeaux, Minneapolis, and the same longitude as Helisinki and Johannesburg. The city has an area of 228 sq. km. and a population of 2,021,000 (on 01.01.1998), accounting for 9% of the total population and for 15% of the urban one. In terms of population size, Bucharest ranks third in the region after Athens and Istanbul.
The climate is one of extremes, with hot summers (July average temperature, 23° C / 73° F) and cold winters (January average, -3° C / 27° F). Rainfall is low, averaging 585 mm (23 in) annually, and comes mainly in summer.
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2. Bucharest History
Bucharest was said to have been founded by a shepherd called Bucur, who built a settlement amid the Vlasia forest. It was recorded as a nameless "citadel on the Dambovita" in 1368, and named as Bucharest in an edict from the time of Vlad the Impeller.
During the early Middle Age, Bucharest became a commercial centre, important enough to enable 14th century rulers build the Old Court which represented the nucleus for the development of the medieval town.
 The first mention of the name of "Bucharest" dates from September 20, 1459. The mention appears on a document issued from the chancellery of Vlad the Impeller.
The first Romanian ruler was Prince Grigore Dimitrie Ghica. In May 1857 Bucharest was the first city in the world with petrol lamp illumination.
In 1896 the first electrical tramway was launched on a route from Obor to the Cotroceni Avenue.
Most of the major buildings, such as the Romanian Athenaeum and the Military Circle were designed by French architects and built in the years before World War I.
Today, Bucharest is the capital and largest city of Romania. It reflects an interesting heritage of mixed cultures influenced by the old Romanian aristocracy educated in France, the German King Carol I and the communist society.
Tudorache Stefania
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3. Places of cultural and historical interest
Bucharest - Tourist attractions
Bucharest is a political administrative, economic and cultural centre; with material vestiges from Palaeolithic Age and documentary attestation from 1459, September 20. Bucharest, the most important urban centre of Romania is not only a gateway and starting point for tourist destinations across the country but also a tourist spot of significant importance. There are large parks and lakes and many places of cultural and historical interest. The open-air Village Museum (the second most important in Europe after the one in Stockholm), the Romanian Peasant Museum, the Museum of National History or the 16th-17th churches in Bucharest should not be missed by any tourist. Lovers of contemporary art can admire and even buy at the art galleries in the centre of the city paintings by contemporary artists or by young talents.
Churches
- Mihai Voda Monastery founded in 1591 by the great voivode Michael the Brave
- Radu Voda Church (17th cent.)
- Stavropoleos Church (17th cent.)
Historical and architecture monuments
- the Old Princely Court (16th cent.)
- Manuc's Inn (1808), today a specific Romanian-style hotel and restaurant
- Palace of the Parliament and the Savings Bank (19th cent.)
 - the Romanian Athenaeum (19th cent.)
- the University (19th cent.)
- History Museum of Romania, housed in a building, architecture monument (19th cent.)
- History and Art Museum of Bucharest City, housed in Sutu Palace (19th cent.)
- Art Museum of Romania
- Art Collections Museum
- "Gr. Antipa" Natural History Museum
- Village and Folk Art Museum
Contemporary buildings
- Hall of the Palace
- National Theatre
- Sport and Culture Palace
- Exhibit Pavilion
Learning institutions, art galleries, theatres, opera-house, cinemas, exhibitions etc.
Parks
- Cismigiu Gardens
- Herastrau Park
- Carol Park
- Youth's Park
Streets and squares
Bucharest is skirted by numerous lakes and woods - agreeable places of recreation - in which one may see a number of monuments in the traditional Romanian architectural style:
- Baneasa Woods (zoo, restaurants, winecellars, camping-site);
- Snagov (lake, woods, monastery - 15th cent., swimming, hotel, camping-site, restaurant);
- Cernica (woods, monastery - 19th cent.)
- Caldarusani - woods, monastery - 17th cent.
- Mogosoaia - woods, castle, lake, restaurants
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