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A Physical Map Of My City
1.Geography
2. History
3. Culture
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1. Geography
CROATIA
Basic information
Location of Croatia
- Croatia is a central European country spread across 56,538 square kilometers of land area
- according to its relief and geographical position, Croatia can be divided into three main regions: Adriatic, Dinaric, and Pannonian
- Croatia has a population of 4,784,265
- Over 90% of the population is Croat (the majority of whom are Roman Catholics)
- the Adriatic Sea extends 135,000 square kilometers and has a shoreline 2,092 kilometers long
- Croatia has 1,185 islands of which 66 are densely populated
- the highest mountain peak in Croatia, the Dinara, reaches 1,831 meters, and the largest natural lake in Croatia, Vransko, covers 30 square kilometers
- Croatian is the official language, and the Latin alphabet is used in script
- the national anthem of the Republic of Croatia is "Lijepa nasa domovino" ("Our Beautiful Homeland")
- capital of Croatia is Zagreb and it is also the largest city
- President of Croatia since 2000. is Stjepan Mesić
- the Croatian economy has a stable functioning market economy
- sports popular in Croatia include football, handball, basketball, water polo and tennis
- Croatian culture is the result of a fourteen century-long history which has seen the development of many cities and monuments
- the country includes seven World Heritage sites and eight national parks
World Heritage Sites
- Historical Complex of Split with the Palace of Diocletian (1979)
- Old City of Dubrovnik (1979)
- Plitvice Lakes National Park (1979)
- Episcopal Complex of the Euphrasian Basilica in the Historic Centre of Poreč (1997)
- Historic City of Trogir (1997)
- The Cathedral of St. James in Šibenik (2000)
- The Stari Grad Plain - island of Hvar (2008)
Geographical position of Glina District
Glina District covers the south-eastern part of Central Croatia or the western part of Sisak and Moslavina County. This entire area is in fact a part of Banovina.
Glina District is situated in the peripheral area of Sisak and Moslavina County where it borders Bosnia and Herzegovina in the south. The eastern side of the district is surrounded by the slopes of the mountain Gvozd. It covers the territory of 543 km² and it is also one of the biggest units of local government in Croatia.
Glina District includes the town of Glina and 68 villages. The town of Glina is only 32 km away from Sisak (the centre of the county) and 75 km away from Zagreb (the capital of Croatia).
The Glina river separates the district area in 2 parts. The northern part is distinguished by rolling countryside and the banks of 3 rivers: the Kupa, the Glina and the Maja rivers. The southern part includes both lawland countryside (109 m height above sea-level) and highland countryside (with several slopes of the Gvozd mountain exceeding the altitude of 500 m height above sea-level).
Gina District is characterized by temperate continental climate. This means that the average annual temperature is around 10°C. The coldest month of the year is January with the average temperature of 0°C, whereas the hottest month of the year is July with the average temperature of 21°C.
According to the most recent census made in 2001, Glina District has only 9,868 inhabitants. The average population density is 18 inhabitants/km2 which means that it is among the lowest densley populated parts of Croatia.
As it has already been mentioned, Glina District is mainly a highland area and therefore the villages can be divided in 2 groups: straggling villages and road villages. Some villages are up to 25 km away from the town which makes the communication between them extremely difficult. This also causes the mass emigration the young.
Given its geographical position and its climate, Glina District has plenty of pure and healthy soil which is the prior condition for the development of agriculture (with particular emphasis on the production of healthy food).
The forest area covers the territory of 62,500 acres (46% of the entire district) and is therefore an excellent foundation for wood-processing industry.
The entire area is also rich in rocks, clay and unpolluted drinking water which makes it suitable for the influx of settlers.
Unfortunately, in economic terms this area is fairly underdeveloped. The main producers are Vivera corporation producing organic baby food and Šantek saw-mill producing oakwood elements.
Despite the fact that this area is ideal for the development of agriculture, the substantial part of agricultural soil is still covered in mines.
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2. The history of Glina
Glina is a town situated on the banks of the rivers Glina and Maja, surrounded by the slopes of the mountains Gvozd and Petrova Gora and the river Kupa.
In historical documents Glina was first mentioned on June 1st 1284. This was the day when Vuk - the knight sold his land in Glina to Petar, Kojan and Ivan - the knights of Boruovci.
After the Tartarian invasion, fortresses were built and one of them was inhabited by the owner of Glina.
In 1534 the Turcs began invading the area around Glina and in 1592 Glina was conquered.
Only a year later, in 1593, the Turcs were defeated in the famous Sisak battle and they were banished from Glina as well.
In 1689 Glina became an important defensive centre of the newly established Croatian Military Border.
According to the decision made by the Croatian Parliament the new star-shaped fortress was built in Glina in 1735 and the civilians began inhabiting the town.
In 1737 the Croatian Parliament held one of its sessions in Glina.
Architect Bartol Flebinger started buliding the new church in 1824. The church, built in the late baroque and classicist manner, was finished three years later, in 1827.
Vice-Roy Josip Jelačić was one of the most famous colonels who lived in Glina. Jelačić, together with poets Ivan Trnski and Petar Preradović and musician Josip Runjanin welcomed the idea of Croatian national revival. During their stay here, Glina experienced both national and cultural revival and it also became one of the most important centres of Croatia.
In 1845 Jelačić initiated the planting of the famous park. Nowadays the park is called 'The Jelačić park' and it is one of the most beautiful sights in Glina.
The early mentioned musician Josip Runjanin composed the Croatian national anthemn entitled 'Horvatska domovina' ('Croatian homeland').
On February 6th 1902 The Royal Ground Juvenile Institution was founded and it was the first juvenile institution in south-eastern Europe.
On July 29th 1903 the new railway Sisak-Glina-Karlovac was put into service. In 1924 Glina got electricity from its own power plant and in 1931 the hospital was built.
The industry in Glina began developing after World War II. One of the most important industrial facilities was Cotton-mill Glina, founded on November 24th 1959. The Cotton-mill Glina was among the most modern industrial facilities in Croatia until the end of the 1980s. It was destroyed in the 1990s Croatian war.
In the 1970s the metal working industry was also founded in Glina. Unfortunately, it hasn't been active since the 1990s.
On June 26th 1991 the Serbs who lived in Glina and the nearby area invaded the Police station Glina, captured the Croatian policemen and took them to Knin, where they were held imprisoned.
A month later, in July, The Croats were banished from Glina and the ones who decided to stay were either killed or imprisoned.
Glina's territory was reintegrated in the military action called 'Oluja' ('The Storm') in 1995 and the Croats came back to Glina.
Nowadays, 14 years after the war, Glina is almost entirely renewed. However, the unemployment rate is still rather high.
Therefore, Glina needs the financial help of wider community to stimulate its development and to ensure the brighter future of its inhabitants.
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3. Culture
Glina's culture
Glina is a Croatian town with a very interesting culture. Many famous people lived and worked here. As Glina was on the crossing of important commercial paths, everyone who stayed here brought something new, unknown until then. Throughout the history, Glina always followed European cultural trends.
Croatian national anthem was composed in Glina by Josip Runjanin and the lyrics were written by Antun Mihanović. Glina was a part of the Croatian Military Border and therefore many famous colonels lived here, such as Vice-Roy Josip Jelačić.
Some of the most important people in Croatian history lived and worked in Glina:
- A famous Croatian writer Ante Kovačić lived here and wrote 'U registraturi' (In the registry office'), one of the most representative novels of realism in Croatian literature. Kovačić was also a lawyer and he had his lawyer's office in Glina.
- Duro Augustinović lived here, too. He supported the idea of orthographic reform during the Croatian national revival.
- Ivan Trnski, another Croatian poet and writer lived in Glina while he was in the army.
- Pjer Križanić, a famous painter and caricaturist was born in Glina.
- Zlatko Šulentić, a famous portrait and landscape painter was also born and worked in Glina.
- Natko Devčić, a Croatian composer was born and worked in Glina, too.
Glina is well-known for its majorettes called 'Glinske banice'. This is a dance group in which girls of all age dance, have fun and they usually win the best places in European competitions. The whole town and its citizens are very proud of them.
Glina has a folklore group whose members play traditional instruments. They wear folk costumes, they sing and dance and they are also very famous.
Although Glina is a small town, there are still enough possibilities for everyone who wants to play sport. Glina's football team 'Banovac' is one of the best football teams in our district. They play many matches against other Croatian teams and they always have good results.
Glina's basketball team is a good team, too but the basketball players don't have many opportunities to prove how good they really are because the majority of boys prefer football.
There is also a kung fu club. Girls and boys of all age train this sport and take part in many competitions and win great scores. They fight very well, so you don't want to mess with them.
The youngest club in Glina is The Volleyball club Glina. They started training just a few months ago, so we hope they will be very successful and win great scores, too.
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